Page 138 - 006
P. 138

132







                    
"    5( 
 oxidation,  hydrolysis,  reduction      conjugation           &   
 #'  /
                      /
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                    1



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N'L f5( (active  oxygen)   
* 
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                                                                  ,
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                    %     "
  
* 
    , ("
    *   "
   5  !       microsomal  enzyme,  mixed
                                                                         7
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                   function oxidase     cytochrome P 450        5( 	#!  .4   5      
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                                      6
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                   .#
  '          5   .       1 (#    5   monooxygenase      '! &2
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                                                                                            1
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                   '1   "!  . 4 +/     !  Q        
 0   pyrethriod     organophosphate
                                                                       1


                                 .  .    !'L - .   !  Q      
    !   synergist       !  5
                                  6/
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                   N'L f( " 	             * 5  !  N'L f   
(&      .4  
     5     	 
#!   6/
                                                                                   6/




                                                                               +7




                                                     1
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                                                                                             ,

                    ("!   synergist *  3 5 "#" 
  '        detoxification enzyme '      5  5 !    H
                                               	7



                             M


                                            6
                   '    5(  **# ' "  % &  dimethyl maleate (DEM)  3 "#" 
  '        glutathione S-
                    1


                                     /
                                                                            	7
                                0
                                                                                  1


                                6
                                                                               1
                   transferase     !   piperonyl  butoxide  (PB)   3   
  "#" 
  '        monooxygenase
                                                                          	7
                       triphenyl  phosphate  (TPP)   3   
  "#" 
  '        esterase  !   #

                                                                                       1
                                                              	7



                                                                    1
                   %  (    synergist ' / %  +7  ") 
	#%  (        %  (   !  Q            L 
   %

                   8.4   !F #	$"$ U  	 "	  	  	$r	: ;  (Insecticide resistance
                                                P
                                                                _
                   detection)

                        8.4.1   $X :  #	$ O    (Bioassay type)


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  '(! #* 
!  %                  "     "(  #' '& &
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                      !'L - .   !  Q       ("   L 
  '(! # 5( 
 topical  application,  dipping




                   method, residual method, leaf dipping method, feeding method, injection method, direct
                   spray   6  fumigation (	   "     "(  #'' / 7

                                                          /
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(  %(& #&  (control)
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                                                                        71
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                    	    ' /    
    "' / ' *       &   LD         	   &       '  !  Q       ("' 5
                                                                                                  	/
                                                       50
                     "  % &   Resistance ratio; RR      	 # 
  (	#  (" % !  !)  (	     7
                                                    LD   HM@>AC@?5  QG20O*@W
                                             RR =      50
                                                    LD 50 HM@>AC@?5  QG2MOM >M

                                          ("&    RR ≥ 10  '       ! ". L0,    '   (resistance)


                                                RR < 10  '       ! ". L0,' '   (tolerance)
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