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131
/
)
1
/
! ' " /" 5 ' ! .4 K ! H'* 3 #
*#
)
+/
+7
(conjugation)
## ( ! K ' /
"3 ! HH
*(
"5(
1
7
)
5 9
" " * ## K 9
" oxidation 'L 0 C, N, S P
/
&,
# ! . 4 K
*
7! & # % ("
!'* H
reduce
6/
)
/
/
0 alkenyl, carboxyl
0 nitro
0 ! .4' &
# carboxyl
,
* H)
#
hydrolysis
8.3.2 4 " # $8 ; % : ; $I%I 2 (Phase 2)
/
)
6
)
! .4'H
/" & ! " 5 H
/" & ! *
#! ' /
)
71
+7
") - " , .6/ & ! #
" 5(! .4 ( ! H #H "
0
"5( "
! 7
! / % ## 5 , +/ '1 ' /
/"
#
" "! " ! .4' " )
/
,
/
" (xenobiotics) 5 5
"
#
" "! "! .4'! &2 3
/
1
% ( &6 esterase, glutathione S-transferase monooxygenase
1) Esterase
0 5 *(! .4 (detoxification enzyme)
,
5 '
" "! "! .4 9
" hydrolysis
0 ester, amide
,
/
/
,
phosphate ' &
# ! Q 5 ,
0 & 8. (specific
7
6
+/
/
1
enzyme)
#! .4 '! &2
*(.4 ! Q
0
,
,
)
organophosphate, pyrethriod chitin inhibitor 5 esterase 5 ' "
/
7
/" & ! " ' / 1 (phase 1) #
3
0 " "( "
5(
- B-esterase 5(
aliesterase, carboxylesterase cholinesterase
- A-esterase 5(
arylesterase
-
0 6/ K 5(
phosphatase, phosphotriesterase, amidase,
paraoxonase, malaoxonase
2) Glutathione S-transferase 5 '5 * * (non-specific
,
/
/
,
enzyme)
#! .4 5 ' "
/" & ! "
)
7
' / 2 (phase 2) +/ 5 '% " 9
"
*#
! reduced glutathione
#
,
/
7
)
! Q 5 ,% ( " ## (multiple form) 5(
aryl S-transferase, alkyl S-
transferase epoxy S-transferase ("& ! H
/" glutathione S-
/
1
)
transferase 5( "K ## ' ! H
#! Q ' & !
5( "% (5(
organophosphate, organochlorine, pyrethriod carbamate
,
3) Monooxygenase 5 '! &2% ( '
"
# #
/
/
+/
1
/
7
+/
)
1
' "! .4 "
/" & ! " ' / 1 (phase 1) (" 9
"
/" & ! ! .4' !
"
*(
*
" 9
" ! &2' /
1
1
/
)
