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                   "	$	     4.4 &   Biological parameters    (     	(3	
 H#  ", Phyllotreta flexuosa (Illiger)

                                                       /
                                 ("   7"        9 #	  
  ' 25±2°C, 75±1%RH (*  !0   &,   &   2550)
                              Biological parameters                   X"$             _	     	  =[O  P

                    	   
   " ".	 L0,!0'L  (R ) ( '      0  )      ∑ ml x  x             5.7288
                                        o
                                                                 ∑ ml    ⋅X
                     "0 	"   
 0   (T ) ( 	 )                        x  x               45.5340
                                 C
                                                                   ∑ ml x  x
                                                                    ln R 0
                   &  !	    ! 'L f
   . / '  .	 L0
    ( r )                             0.0383
                                                  c
                                                                      T c
                    	   
   . / ' / ' *    (λ) ( '      	 )       ani log e  r c         1.0390




                                  1.2

                                  1.0
                                    	
  
( l x m x )   0.8


                                  0.6
                                  0.4

                                  0.2

                                  0.0
                                      0  3   6  9  12  15  18  21  24  27  30  33  36  39  42  45  48

                                                                 (X)
                   $X     4.4       
     5   (egg curve)    (     	(3	
 H#  ", Phyllotreta flexuosa

                            (Illiger)  ("   7"        9 #	  
  ' 25±2°C, 75±1%RH (*  !0   &,   &   2550)
                                                          /


                   "	$	     4.5      %     (partial ecological life table)    (     	(3	
 H#  ", Phyllotreta
                                                                       /
                                  flexuosa (Illiger)  ("   7"        9 #	  
  ' 25±2°C, 75±1%RH (*  !0   &,
                                   &   2550)

                     $I%I#	$                                  8  $R8x\ "RU 	   [$   "	%  8  $R8x\ "RU 	   [$   "	%
                                                 U 	   [$   "	%
                   8U$! 8"! Q"   U 	   [$    %X_$ O   W :"_;I$I%I (d )   "_ U 	      $ O   "_ U 	   [$  4 M O
                                W :"_;I$I%I ( l )
                       (x)                 x                x   W :"_;I$I%I (100d /l )   (100d /n)
                                                                              x x
                                                                                             x
                   5                    200          167              83.50               83.50

                        " ' / 1       33             10               30.30                5.00
                        " ' / 2       23              1                4.35                0.50
                        " ' / 3       22              0                0.00                0.00
                   
   (	
 (          22              2                9.09                1.00
                   (	
 (              20              5               25.00                2.50
                    	   Y  	"         15
                        	    "        6
                       	 3  )         9
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