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71





                                                                      71
                   proctodeum)   
* 
*  '              "          " (salivary  glands)       	"



                                                                 )

                    
Y#    " (salivary  reservoirs)     
  *  	7  "#    !    
         "*  '     "
                                                                                                 71
                                                    +/
                                                                                    71
                        71
                                                                           c

                                          6/
                   (salivary  ducts)   %     
	#  	"   
Y#    "      (!) !        
(
                                                               71


                                                        /

                   hypopharynx    &,   
 #      '    K      ##" "               "     "(
                   (	    5     7


                                                P
                                1)  ; 	[ P _  M 	 (foregut)  1 5! !          	7      
      
 #( "%
                                                                          /

                                                                                      +/
                     
 (buccal  cavity)         
       * 3   '  %    
      * H)
!  3     '  &

                                          6/
                                                                                            67
                     " (pharynx)   ("  $	"
   ( 	    
        cibarial  muscles   ("
        *  	7  " )
                                                                                                7
                                                              67
                                                                        7


                                                                                                1
                                                                    67
                                                                                             +


                                                            6/
                          #      	    3 	 &   "(         
         ( 	 3  &   "* H)
( '   &
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                     " " "  2    '    
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  ((    "
 Dsuction pumpE     Dcibarial pumpE    	
4

                                                 )
                                                    +7
                                  +7

                                     1
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                                                                   )


                        )
                   
  (( ##  7*   
  .	
  5((          -'  
(( * 
&   "     * 3   5 "    (


                         (esophagus)   ("  $	"
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                                                                 67
                      
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Y#' /  /
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!     5 "	  1 5! !   
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                                                            71
                   " "#   ("  $	"  " "'!     * 
        "   /  6   " " 6/ K '!     * 
 1 5!

                                                                                       /
                                                                           71
                                     71



                                             /

                                                                             )
                   !   
    
  '     
   .  .	
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                                                           1

                                   /
                                                                                                 +/

                                                                                         6

                   5      
        H	(* 

   .  .	
        !      
+   (proventriculus     gizzard)
                                                                                                     +/


                   - "    VM %  "  
  #(           #    ( 
       7  (  (# &	#        & 6/  *
                                                                          c

                                                                             c


                    1 5! !       5  1 5! !     	    "
 stomodeal valve
                                   !       1 5! !       
 (* 

  "# 	    3   1  	 !          "

                                                                   0


                                                                                              67

                                     	/
                                                          6/
                                                                       0
                                                      67
                                                                                                     	7
                    * 2    	           "&          "      	"  '
!   H)
.	
    * 
    " %
                                                                                                  6/
                                                                            6/

                   ectoderm  	/ &6   67  "6/ ' /#03 	 - "      1 5! !       *        
	#3   1  	 - "
                                       /
                                                                          1
                                       0

                                                    +/

                                                             T
                               67
                          "
    " '#     intima    * % "   
	 
  H)
'   "    1 5! !      *
                                         7

                                   6/
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                    ! "(!      - &      (        '      
&  #    " '# * H)
  
  
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                                                                           6/

                                              	7
                                                                                  7

                                                                        67
                   3 	  1  	         !       1 5! !       ! 7 !0(' / stomodeal valve
                                2)  ;	[ P _  #;	  (midgut)  H	(* 
 stomodeal  valve      1 5! !


                                                                                              1
                                                                                            6
                    ("            1 5! !   
       ' / 	7     gastric caecae    	
4  &   "    *     2-
                                                                                          7
                                         /

                   10  	   +/ %  " . / .67 '3    
      " 71 "  "  
      ()( 71   6 !  #   "      ##" "




                         H	(* 
!       gastric  caecae  &6  ventriculus     #    ' 
  " "      ("
                                                                                    /

                                                                                                 67

                    71
                                                                 6/

                                      +
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    * 
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                                                    /
                                                             67
                                   )

                                                                                                     6/

                    	7
                                                                                 0

                                                                                       67

                   %  endoderm     3      ,- "      epithelium  cells     #( "    "  peritrophic
                                                                                          6/


                                 +/
                   membrane         &,   
 #    chitin  '!    H 
       ,   3  (    5(

                                                                            T

                                                                 /

                                                                                                     /
                                                         /

                       ( " 
	 
Y"      
  ((       '" "    ( " !      "    1 5! !   
      ' 	7
                                            )
                                               +
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