Page 57 - 006
P. 57
51
67
/
+7
67
/
/
7
. ''
$+
4 " 5
Y
1 ( # . '!0 " ' ( * " )
# H0 ! &, !1 & 2
3) $I%I : ; 8M I W # $ UI E_ " %_ (developmental
+/
stages) "
* 2 # ' !
!0 " " 5
/
+7
6
7
6
+/
)
(
( Y " " ( " " " "
# * ! (&
#
H0 ! &,
$+
4 ." ( %
& ! " " * ! ZT "
Y* !0 " " !1 #
4 6/ ' /
/"
# " %
1
/
)
1
& ! " "'
(*
' " * ZM
.( * %* * #
.( & ! " "'
(*
" 7 ' * %
4 '
/
/
( Y( #' / 3
! "
; white head) " 5
Y
6
/
7
"
4 6/ ' ! & * !0 " 5( " &
9
") . ' /* '1
!0 " 5( ! Y*! 7
X
1
R
)
4) # $ 8 $ IM ; (analysis)
!0 "
P
!
)
,
/
& & (analysis of variance; ANOVA) '5(
4
* "
##
* "
(normal distribution)
4 '
/"
#
/
+/
)
)
1
/
* .#
!'*
4
* " ##
"
!
7
/
2 *
* " ##
0 (clumped pattern) (" '5(*
!0 " .
6/
)
1
1
)
,
& & H 5
4
* " ##
*
)
)
/
(
(transformation of data) 5( '
* " ##
/
)
1
67
.* *
##
* " . ' ' 5(( &6 H
7
)
* "
4
* " " #"# (regular uniform) *
)
6
/
(" %"
1 ! H & '
* "
0 (clumped) * %H (
'!
H
4
* "
0 * ) & logarithmic
_
5) M %# $ E_ (sampling unit) 7 7* H+
6
% ( (
) "' /!0 +/ 7 ' /!1 & 2" / " +/
!0 " ( 7
5.1) # $8;3 #M _ % UI E_ (selection of sampling unit) +/ ! 0 5( ( 7
/
67
7
- "'* !0 ' ( . '
!0 "
! ' '"
/
/
5( # 6
' % ZT "'0
1 5
! ' '"
'*
5( #
6
- & & ' H 5 & '&6
/"
Y
/
6
/
/"
4 * #5( " & K 5 %
%
"'* !0
/
. / +7
Y"
4
+/ # "
5( % ( *